How to waterproof your outfit in all conditions
Do you enjoy being active outdoors? Then you know how quickly the weather can change. Whether you're hiking, cycling, camping, or on the go in the city, the right waterproof clothing is essential to keep you dry and comfortable, especially in the fall and winter. If you have no idea where to start, this guide is for you. Below, we dive into the key properties of waterproofing, factors that affect waterproofness, and a guide to help you choose your ideal outfit.
The properties of waterproofing
When looking for clothing that keeps you dry, it's important to understand what "waterproof" really means. Often, "waterproof" is seen as the ability to keep you completely dry, but in reality, it is a range from water-resistant to fully waterproof. This is measured with the water column in millimeters (mm).
The water column indicates how much pressure water can exert on the fabric before it begins to leak. This is measured by placing a tube on the fabric and filling it with water. If the fabric starts leaking at 5,000 mm, this means the water column of the fabric is 5,000 mm. The higher the number, the more water the fabric can withstand. Water columns typically range from 5,000 mm to 20,000 mm, from water-resistant to fully waterproof.
In addition to the water column, breathability is another important property of waterproof clothing. This refers to the fabric's ability to let moisture, like sweat, escape from the inside of the garment to the outside, without letting rain from the outside get in. Breathability is crucial for comfort, especially during intensive activities.
A fabric with low breathability can cause sweat to accumulate inside your clothing, making you feel cold. Breathability is measured by how many grams of water vapor can escape through 1 m² of fabric in 24 hours. A breathability rating of 5,000 g/m² is suitable for light exertion, while 20,000 g/m² is ideal for intensive activities.
Tips for buying waterproof clothing
In addition to the technical properties of outdoor clothing, other factors also play an important role in its waterproofness. Details such as zippers, seams, ventilation openings, and fit all affect the performance of the garment. Zippers and seams can form weak points, but by choosing waterproof zippers and taped seams, the likelihood of water penetration is significantly reduced. Also, pay close attention to the fit: ensure the garment fits well so that water doesn't seep in through openings such as the neck or cuffs, while still allowing enough room for freedom of movement. A too-tight fit can cause discomfort and create additional friction, which can affect the waterproofness over time.
These are all factors to consider when purchasing your outdoor clothing. After purchase, you can take care of maintaining the waterproofing. Depending on the level of use, it is a good idea to wash the clothing periodically according to the washing instructions and with special detergent for waterproof clothing. This special detergent cleans and restores the breathability without compromising the waterproofness. After washing, you can choose to re-impregnate the garment so it can withstand another season!
When to choose which clothing
For every activity and weather condition, there is an ideal combination of waterproofing and breathability. Sometimes, you can predict what you'll need that day, like when you're about to go for a quick walk. You look at the sky or check the weather forecast and adjust accordingly. However, when you are out for the whole day or several days, it’s essential to prepare for unpredictable weather. Building your outfit in layers ensures a good base that you can easily adjust. For your waterproof layer, you can follow these guidelines:
Short Walk, Commuting
Weather: Mild, light rain
Water column: 5,000-10,000 mm (water-resistant)
A light rain suit, such as one from our basic line, is ideal for short trips in light rain. For more intensive exertion, you can choose breathable clothing that offers good insulation and breathability, such as a softshell jacket or pants. A (synthetic) down jacket often falls into this category.
Day Hike
Weather: Persistent light rain or moderate shower
Water column: 15,000-20,000 mm (waterproof)
Breathability: From 10,000 g/m²
For longer trips in unpredictable weather, you need a jacket with a higher water column (at least 15,000 mm). A breathability rating of at least 10,000 g/m² is also recommended for comfort. With additional ventilation openings, such as under the arms or along the sides of your legs, you can ensure better airflow. Winter sports clothing often falls into this category, as does the NOMAD premium rainwear.
Multi-Day Hike
Weather: Heavy or prolonged rain showers
Water column: From 20,000 mm (highly waterproof)
Breathability: From 20,000 g/m²
For extreme conditions, a technical hardshell jacket or pants is necessary. This clothing is waterproof, windproof, and highly breathable (at least 20,000 g/m²). It is a thin, lightweight layer that doesn't insulate, so make sure to wear enough insulation underneath.
The right balance
The more intense your activity, the more important breathability becomes. For less intense activities, like hiking in mild weather, you can easily choose waterproof clothing without much breathability. For intensive activities, such as running or cycling, a lot of heat and moisture is released from your body. In this case, breathability is crucial to prevent overheating and condensation in the clothing.
Good ventilation channels, such as zippers under the arms or on the back, can also enhance breathability. During long periods in rain or snow, it's important that your clothing is not only waterproof but also highly breathable, so you don't get cold from your own sweat.
Make sure you are always well-prepared, so you can fully enjoy your outdoor activities! With the right clothing and maintenance, you can be outside year-round, no matter the weather conditions.
Interested to learn more about the waterproofness of your tent? Read: Water column and waterproofness of your polyester and/or nylon tent
